A galactagogue is any substance that may help increase maternal milk production. This can include certain foods, herbs, or medications. Many mothers turn to galactagogues when they are concerned about their supply, but they are just one part of the bigger picture of breastfeeding support. Understanding what galactagogues are—and how they might fit into your breastfeeding plan—can help you make informed decisions and feel more confident as you navigate your breastfeeding journey.

Why Do Mothers Use Galactagogues?

It’s very common for mothers to worry about whether their baby is getting enough milk. In the early weeks, babies’ feeding patterns can feel unpredictable and questions about the number of feedings, diaper output, or baby's weight gain can cause anxiety and stress. Research shows that concerns about low milk supply are one of the main reasons mothers turn to galactagogues. Some mothers start with herbal remedies or foods even before reaching out for professional guidance.

It’s important to remember that galactagogues are just one part of the bigger picture. Frequent milk removal, proper latch, and overall maternal health are the most effective ways to boost supply. Galactagogues can be a helpful addition when used thoughtfully and with guidance from a healthcare provider or International Board Certified Lactation Consultant.

Strategies to Increase Milk Production

Breast milk production works on a supply-and-demand system: the more milk that is removed from the breast, the more your body is signaled to produce. Missed feedings, skipped pumping sessions, poorly fitted pump parts, or ineffective pump settings can all lead to a gradual decrease in milk volume or make it challenging to establish an abundant supply.

One of the most effective ways to support breastfeeding and boost production of milk is by improving latch techniques. Ensuring your baby is latched deeply and comfortably allows them to feed more efficiently, which in turn stimulates your body to make more. Gentle breast compressions during feedings or while using a breast pump can encourage milk flow and help your baby get more with each feeding. Combining these strategies with frequent pumping and paying attention to your baby’s feeding cues can make a significant difference in maintaining and increasing mother’s milk.

It’s also important to be aware that certain things in your medical history—such as thyroid disorders, hormonal imbalances, insufficient glandular tissue, or previous breast surgery—can have the potential to affect production. Working closely with your healthcare provider and lactation consultant can help you identify the underlying cause of low milk production and create a personalized plan. In some situations, the use of galactagogues under professional guidance may provide additional support to help mothers reach their breastfeeding goals.

What are the Different Types of Galactagogues?

Pharmaceutical Galactagogues

Some prescription medications have been studied and shown to help increase milk output. Your healthcare provider can guide you in choosing the safest option based on your personal health history and needs.

Pharmaceutical galactagogues work in several ways:

  • Supporting prolactin levels: Prolactin is the hormone that signals the breasts to make milk and is responsible for mammary growth. Some medications increase prolactin or make the breast tissue more responsive to it.
  • Blocking dopamine: Certain drugs, like domperidone and metoclopramide, block dopamine in the brain. Dopamine normally suppresses prolactin, so reducing its effect helps stimulate the production of breast milk.
  • Improving milk ejection: Some medications may enhance the let-down reflex, aiding milk flow while breastfeeding or pumping.
  • Supporting overall hormonal balance: By helping the body manage stress, regulate hormonal imbalances, or stabilize blood sugar, some medications indirectly support lactation.

Commonly used medications include:

  • Metoclopramide (Reglan) – L2 (Compatible with breastfeeding)
  • Sulpiride (Dolmatil, Sulparex, Sulpitil) – L3 (Presumed compatible with breastfeeding)
  • Domperidone (Motilium) – L3 (Presumed compatible with breastfeeding)

It’s important to discuss potential adverse effects with your doctor. For example, Reglan may increase the risk of depression in some mothers, so it may not be recommended if you have a history of depression.

Remember: medication is just one tool to increase milk supply. With careful guidance, some mothers find that combining safe medication use with frequent breastfeeding and pumping can help them reach their breastfeeding goals.

Herbal Galactagogues

Herbs have been used for centuries to support human milk production, but research on their safety and effectiveness is still limited. The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine currently recommends caution before starting any herbal supplement, as some can be as potent as medications and are not always regulated for quality, strength, and purity. To help ensure safety, look for herbal supplements that carry third-party testing labels from trusted organizations such as U.S. Pharmacopeia or Labdoor.

Some of the most commonly used herbs for boosting low supply include:

  • Fenugreek seeds
  • Alfalfa
  • Milk Thistle
  • Goat’s Rue
  • Fennel Seed
  • Blessed Thistle
  • Moringa
  • Shatavari

When possible, consult a qualified herbalist—especially one experienced in postpartum care and lactation—before starting any new herbal supplement. It’s also important to discuss any herbs with your healthcare provider, particularly if you are taking other medications or managing a medical or mental health condition.

If you choose to try an herbal galactagogue, watch for potential side effects, which can include dry mouth, gastrointestinal discomfort, low blood sugar, or allergic reactions. Remember, herbs are just one part of supporting supply—they work best when combined with frequent milk removal, a healthy diet, and guidance from a lactation professional.

Foods That May Boost Supply

Cultures all around the world use various nutrient-rich foods to support postpartum recovery and breastfeeding. While no food is a “magic” supply booster, eating a variety of nourishing foods can provide the nutrients a mother needs to feel energized and support her body’s milk-making process.

Some great options to include in meals and snacks—especially in the early weeks postpartum—are:

  • Whole grains: oats, barley, brown rice, quinoa
  • Beans and lentils: chickpeas, lentils, kidney beans, black beans
  • Nuts and seeds: almonds, flax seeds, chia seeds
  • Brewer’s yeast

In addition to eating nutrient-dense foods, adequate hydration and sufficient calories are essential for maintaining breast milk supply. Skipping meals or not drinking enough can make it harder for your body to get what it needs. Including these foods as part of a balanced diet, staying hydrated, and ensuring enough calories can help provide the energy and nutrients your body needs to produce enough milk. Remember, frequent milk removal, rest, and self-care are just as important—supporting supply is about caring for both you and your baby.

Current Trends

You may have heard about popular milk-boosting trends, like the “Pink Drink” from Starbucks or lactation cookies and brownies. While these trends are widely discussed online, their actual effects on supply are not proven. Often, any benefits come from extra hydration, calories, and nutrients rather than a specific ingredient.

It’s important to pay attention to what you’re consuming and choose products carefully. While galactagogues—whether foods, herbal preparations, or medications—can sometimes help, they are just one part of boosting insufficient milk supply. Frequent breastfeeding and pumping, adequate rest, balanced nutrition, and hydration remain the most reliable ways to establish and maintain your production.

Remember: your breastfeeding journey is unique, and it’s normal to have questions or feel uncertain about supply. The safest and most effective step is to reach out to a healthcare provider or lactation consultant for guidance. You don’t have to navigate this alone—trusted support is available to help you care for both yourself and your baby.

Disclaimer: Our classes and accompanying materials are intended for general education purposes and should not replace medical advice. For personalized recommendations, please consult your healthcare provider and/or lactation consultant.